highfive杂志（关于评写《老人与海》的英文期刊有那些）

本文目录

• 关于评写《老人与海》的英文期刊有那些
• 英语作文,my first week at senior high school 120字左右,生单词尽量少
• 有人投过european journal of clinical nutrition吗
• 小彼恩毛毛虫点读笔里面有哪些童书资源呢
• give me five是不是击掌的意思
• 奥巴马从小读到大的英语—Highlight系列
• 急求关于highway network的英文文献

关于评写《老人与海》的英文期刊有那些

The Old Man and the Sea
The Old Man and the Sea is one of Hemingway’s most enduring works.Told in language of great simplicity and power,it is the story of an old Cuban fisherman,down on his ****,and his supreme ordeal——a relentless,agonizing battle with a giant marlin far out in the Gulf Stream.Here Hemingway recasts,in strikingly contemporary style,the classic thene of courage in the face of defeat,of personal triumph won from los.Written in 1952,this hugely successfully novella confirmed his power and presence in the literary world and played a huge part in his winning the 1954 Nobel Prize for Literature
The Old Man and the Sea is a novella by Ernest Hemingway written in Cuba in 1951 and published in 1952. It was the last major work of fiction to be produced by Hemingway and published in his lifetime. One of his most famous works, it centers upon an aging Cuban fisherman who struggles with a giant marlin far out in the Gulf Stream. It is noteworthy in twentieth century fiction, and reaffirms Hemingway’s worldwide literary prominence and significant in his selection for the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1954
Background and publication
Most biographers maintain that the years following Hemingway’s publication of For Whom the Bell Tolls in 1940 until 1952 were the bleakest in his literary career. The novel Across the River and Into the Trees (1950) was almost unanimously disparaged by critics as self-parody. Evidently his participation as an Allied correspondent in World War II did not yield fruits equivalent to those wrought of his experiences in World War I (A Farewell to Arms, 1929) or the Spanish Civil War (For Whom the Bell Tolls).
Hemingway had initially planned to use Santiago’s story, which became The Old Man and the Sea, as part of a random intimacy between mother and son and also the fact of relati***hips that cover most of the book relate to the bible, which he referred to as "The Sea Book." Some aspects of it did appear in the posthumously published Islands in the Stream. Positive feedback he received for On the Blue Water (Esquire, April 1936) led him to rewrite it as an independent work. The book is a novella because it has no chapters or parts and is slightly longer than a short story. He also referred to the bible as the "Sea of Knowledge" and other such things.
The novel first appeared, in its 26,500-word entirety, as part of the September 1, 1952 edition of Life magazine. 5.3 million copies of that issue were sold within two days. The majority of concurrent critici** was positive, although some dissenting critici** has since emerged. The title was misprinted on the cover of an early edition as The Old Men and the Sea.
Inspiration for character
Gregorio Fuentes is one possible model for Hemingway’s eponymous "Old Man."
Gregorio Fuentes is one possible model for Hemingway’s eponymous "Old Man."
While Hemingway was living in Cuba beginning in 1940 with his third wife Martha Gellhorn, one of his favorite pastimes was to sail and fish in his boat, named the Pilar. General biographical c***ensus holds that the model for Santiago in The Old Man and the Sea was, at least in part, the Cuban fisherman Gregorio Fuentes.
Fuentes, also known as Goyo to his friends, was born in 1897 on Lanzarote in the Canary Islands, migrated to Cuba when he was six years old and met Hemingway there in 1928. In the 1930s, Hemingway hired him to look after his boat. During Hemingway’s Cuban years a strong friendship formed between Hemingway and Fuentes. For almost thirty years, Fuentes served as the captain of the Pilar; this included time during which Hemingway did not live in Cuba.
Fuentes at times would admit that the story was not exactly about him. He related that the true inspiration of the old man and the boy did exist but they never knew who they were. The story goes that in the late 1940’s, upon return from an early morning fishing trip, Fuentes and Hemingway saw a **all rowboat 10 miles out to sea. Hemingway asked Fuentes to approach the vessel to see if they needed help. Inside the boat was an old man and a boy. As the vessels closed in the old man began yelling at them with insults including telling them to go to the devil, indicating that they had scared away the fish. According to Fuentes, he and Hemingway looked at each other in ********. Just the same, Hemingway asked Fuentes to lower them some food and drinks while the old man and boy glared at them. Without another word exchanged, the two boats parted ways. According to Fuentes, Hemingway began immediately to write in his notebook and later asked him to find the old man. According to Fuentes, he never was able to find the fisherman that had made such an impression on Hemingway. Fuentes recounts that this was the real origin of the lore. A few years after The Old Man and the Sea was published, residents of Cojimar believed that the old fisherman that Fuentes and Hemingway ran into at sea was a humble local fisherman they called el viejo Miguel; some described his physical appearance as a wiry Spencer Tracy.
Fuentes, suffering from cancer, died in 2002; he was 104 years old. Prior to his death, he donated Hemingway’s Pilar to the Cuban government.
Plot summary
The Old Man and the Sea recounts an epic battle between an old, experienced fisherman and a giant marlin said to be the largest catch of his life.
It opens by explaining that the fisherman, who is named Santiago (but only directly referred to outside of dialogue as "the old man"), has gone 84 days without catching any fish at all. He is apparently so un***** that his young apprentice, Manolin, has been forbidden by his parents to sail with the old man and been ordered to fish with more successful fishermen. Still dedicated to the old man, however, the boy visits Santiago’s shack each night, hauling back his fishing gear, feeding him, and discussing American baseball—most notably Santiago’s idol, Joe DiMaggio. Santiago tells Manolin that on the next day, he will venture far out into the Gulf to fish, confident that his un***** streak is near its end.
Thus on the eighty-fifth day, Santiago sets out alone, taking his skiff far into the Gulf. He sets his lines and, by noon of the first day, a big fish that he is sure is a marlin takes his bait. Unable to pull in the great marlin, Santiago instead finds the fish pulling his skiff. Two days and two nights pass in this manner, during which the old man bears the tension of the line with his body. Though he is wounded by the struggle and in pain, Santiago expresses a compassionate appreciation for his adversary, often referring to him as a brother.
On the third day of the ordeal, the fish begins to circle the skiff, indicating his tiredness to the old man. Santiago, now completely worn out and almost in delirium, uses all the strength he had left in him to pull the fish onto its side and stab the marlin with a harpoon, thereby ending the long battle between the old man and the tenacious fish.
Santiago straps the marlin to his skiff and heads home, thinking about the high price the fish will bring him at the market and how many people he will feed. However, the old man determines that because of the fish’s great dignity, no one will be worthy of eating the marlin.
While Santiago continues his journey back to the shore, sharks are attracted to the trail of blood left by the marlin in the water. The first, a great mako shark, Santiago kills with his harpoon, losing that weapon in the process. He makes a new harpoon by strapping his knife to the end of an oar to help ward off the next line of sharks; in total, five sharks are slain and many others are driven away. But by night, the sharks have devoured the marlin’s entire carcass, leaving only its skeleton. The old man castigates himself for sacrificing the marlin. Finally reaching the shore before dawn on the next day, he struggles on the way to his shack, carrying the heavy mast on his shoulder. Once home, he slumps onto his bed and enters a very deep sleep.
Ignorant of the old man’s journey, a group of fishermen gathers the next day around the boat where the fish’s skeleton is still attached. Tourists at the nearby café mistakenly take it for a shark. Manolin, worried during the old man’s endeavor, cries upon finding him safe asleep. The boy brings him news*****s and coffee. When the old man wakes, they promise to fish together once again. Upon his return to sleep, Santiago dreams of li*** on the African beach.
英文期刊/电视/杂志

v • d • e
Works by Ernest Hemingway
Novels:
The Torrents of Spring (1926) · The Sun Also Rises (¡Fiesta!) (1926) · A Farewell to Arms (1929) · To Have and Have Not (1937) · For Whom the Bell Tolls (1940) · Across the River and into the Trees (1950) · The Old Man and the Sea (1952) · Islands in the Stream (1970) · The Garden of Eden (1986) · Under Kilimanjaro (2005)
Short stories:
"Big Two-Hearted River" (1924) • "Soldier’s Home" (1925) • "Cat in the Rain" (1925) • "A Clean, Well-Lighted Place" (1926) • "Hills Like White Elephants" (1927) • "The Killers" (1927) • "The Undefeated" (1927) • "A Day’s Wait" (1933) • "The Snows of Kilimanjaro" (1936) • "The Capital of the World" (1936) • "The Short Happy Life of Francis Macomber" (1936) • "The Gambler, the Nun, and the Radio" (?) • "Adventures of a Young Man" (?)
Short story collecti***:
Three Stories and Ten Poems (1923) · In Our Time (1925) · Men Without Women (1927) · Winner Take Nothing (1933) · The Snows of Kilimanjaro (1936) · The Fifth Column and the First Forty-Nine Stories (1938) · The Fifth Column and Four Stories of the Spanish Civil War (1969) · The Nick Adams Stories (1972) · The Complete Short Stories of Ernest Hemingway (1987) · The Collected Stories (1995) · The Essential Hemingway (?) · The Hemingway Reader (?)
Plays:
A Short Happy Life (1961) · The Hemingway Hero (1967)
Non-fiction:
Death in the Afternoon (1932) · Green Hills of Africa (1935) · Hemingway, The Wild Years (1962) · A Moveable Feast (1964) · By-Line: Ernest Hemingway (1967) · Ernest Hemingway: Cub Reporter (1970) · Ernest Hemingway Selected Letters 1917–1961 (1981) · The Dangerous Summer (1985) · Dateline: Toronto (1985) · True at First Light (1999 memoir)
Film adaptati***:
A Farewell to Arms (1932) · For Whom the Bell Tolls (1943) · To Have and Have Not (1944) · The Killers (1946) · The Macomber Affair (1947) · The Breaking Point (1950) · The Snows of Kilimanjaro (1952) · The Sun Also Rises (1957) · A Farewell to Arms (1957) · The Old Man and the Sea (1958) · Hemingway’s Adventures of a Young Man (1962) · The Killers (1964) · For Whom the Bell Tolls (1965) · A Farewell to Arms (1977) · The Sun Also Rises (1984) · In Love and War (1996) · The Old Man and the Sea (1999)
TV adaptati***:
A Farewell to Arms (1990)

英语作文,my first week at senior high school 120字左右,生单词尽量少

以前上学的时候最头疼这些英文作文的写作，不仅有词汇量的问题，还得注意各种各样的语法问题。当初自己淋过雨，现在就要给孩儿们撑起伞！今天我就让你们见识见识大学毕业后的英语词汇量有多初中！

一共给孩儿们准备了3个英文作文哈，从简单到难的顺序，单词数量都足足的，肯定够120字。（你们岔着点抄别最后都交同一份卷子！）对了，涉及到自己学校名字的地方记得改名字别带着名字一起抄啊！！！

【一】案例来咯

英语作文：

Every sunday morning, i get up at five in order to find a seat in the
library. i like the quiet atmosphere in the library, which makes me
deeply absorbed in my study. besides, there are reference books in the
library which provide ready guidance to help me solve my problems.

At home people come and go--some talking, others working.
inevitably, there are often noises around the house which make me
nervous and unable to concentrate on my study. for the reas*** mentioned
above, i like to study in the library.

翻译：

每个星期天早上，我五点起床，以便在图书馆找到一个座位。我喜欢图书馆里安静的气氛，这让我深深地沉浸在我的学习中。此外，图书馆里有参考书，提供现成的指导，帮助我解决我的问题。

在家里，人们来来去去--有些人在说话，有些人在工作。不可避免地，房子周围经常有噪音，使我感到紧张，无法专注于我的学习。由于上述原因，我喜欢在图书馆学习。

【二】案例来咯

英语作文：

There is a big library in our school.Many students love to read inlibrary.There are all kinds of books in the library,it can help us to
learn more knowledge.It’s a very good place for us to read more books,it
also can helpus know the world.Duringthe holidays,the the library are
full of students and some other people,they likes reading ,andI like
reading too.When I have **** time ,I always go to the library.In the
library, you can find somgthing interesting ,They can make you
happy.Maybe they can help yu find a goodjob in the future.

翻译：

我们学校有一个大图书馆。许多学生喜欢在图书馆阅读。图书馆里有各种各样的书籍，可以帮助我们学习更多的知识。这是一个非常好的地方，让我们阅读更多的书籍，它也可以帮助我了解世界。假期期间，图书馆里挤满了学生和其他一些人，他们喜欢读书，我也喜欢读书。当我有空闲时间时，我总是去图书馆。在图书馆里，你可以找到有趣的东西，它们可以让你开心。也许他们可以帮助你在未来找到一份好工作。

【三】案例来咯

英语作文：

This is our school library . It ’ s open from 8:30 to 11:30 in the morning and from 1:30 to 4:30 in the afternoon . It ’ s not very

large . It has only three assistants and about two thousand books . The assistants are friendly and the books are interesting . So we often come here after class . From the library , you can borrow two books at a time , and keep them for two weeks . In its reading room , there are tables and chairs . There you can do your homework or read the magazines .

翻译：

我们的学校图书馆，这是我们学校的图书馆。它独特的开放，从8:30至11:30在上午和下午1:30至4:30，下午。那不很大。它只有3名助理和大约2000本书。该助理友好的书很有意思。因此，我们常常来到这里下课。从库中，您可以一次借两本书，并保持他们的两个星期。在其阅读室，有桌椅。有你可以做家庭作业或阅读杂志。

有人投过european journal of clinical nutrition吗

运筹学中非常不错的杂志，比较难中，好好准备！中科院杂志分区运筹学与管理科学分类下的2区期刊近四年影响因子2013年度2012年度2011年度2010年度1.8432.0381.8152.158期刊名europeanjournalofoperationalresearch出版周期:半月刊出版社或管理机构杂志由ELSEVIERSCIENCEBV出版或管理。ISSN号：0377-2217杂志简介/稿件收录要求TheEuropeanJournalofOperationalResearch(EJOR)publisheshigh-quality,original*****sthatcontributetothepracticeofdecision******.EJORcontainsthefollowingtypesof*****s:InvitedReview***plainingtothegeneralORaudiencethedevelopmentsinanORtopicoverthepastfiveyearsCaseStudiesdescribingthesolutiontoanactualproblemTheoryandMethodology*****s,includingapplicati***oftheoreticaldevelopmentswithoutrealdatabutcapableofbeingusedintheforeseeablefutureArticleswhichfocusontheroleofthecomputerConcisearticleswhichcontributetothepracticeofORShortCommunicati***.Inadditiontothesetypesof*****s,EJORcontainsORSoftwareNewsandBookReviews.Apartfromregularissues,EJORpublishesFeatureIssueswhichfocusonanORtopicofcurrentinterest.VisittheElectronicServiceat/locate/dsw

小彼恩毛毛虫点读笔里面有哪些童书资源呢

好多呢，这里面有鹅妈妈童谣、彩虹兔singalong、洞洞书，还有好饿好饿的毛毛虫绘本、牛津阅读树、High Five杂志等等，资源有1500多本，很丰富的

give me five是不是击掌的意思

因为Give me five是“give me five fingers”的缩略形式，意指双方举手相互击掌，用于打招呼或者相互庆贺，也称为"high five"

不仅是在英语影视作品中，在一些我国的综艺节目里，也能经常看到人们在完成任务或者比赛赢了后兴冲冲地大喊“give me five”，Five是数字“五”，five指的是five fingers，即五个手指，这个动作是指为了问候或者庆祝胜利而击掌。

重点词汇用法：give

v （动词）

1、give是常用动词，词义丰富，用法复杂，构词能力强；   其基本的词义是“给”。give作及物动词时可接名词或代词作宾语，也可接双宾语，其间接宾语有时可转换为介词to的宾语，还可接动词不定式或以“as＋ n   ”充当补足语的复合宾语。

2、give接双宾语时，间接宾语是人，双宾语的句型可以转变为跟to短语的句型，但当间接宾语是物时，则间接宾语在前，直接宾语在后的位置是固定的，不可以转换。give接双宾语时的被动结构可把间接宾语变为主语；   也可把直接宾语变为主语。但人们通常对人（或动物）比对物更感兴趣，所以用人作主语比较多。

3、give的过去分词常用作定语，多前置，构成过去分词短语时则一般后置。过去分词短语作状语时表示完成或被动的意义，作“假定；   容许； 如果有…”解。

奥巴马从小读到大的英语—Highlight系列

Highlights出版公司创办于1946年，是美国历史最悠久、获奖最多、目前发行量最大的儿童杂志出版社。是美国历史悠久，获奖最多，发行量最大的儿童杂志，在美国幼儿、小学是首选期刊，印**高达10亿册。
Highlight旗下有三个杂志系列，分别是：Highlight hello 、Highlight High Five 、Highlights children,下面为大家分别介绍：
Highlights Hello:

适用于0-2岁，有丰富的图片，极具吸引力，家长可以给孩子讲述材料，能让孩子在娱乐中了解英语。这个系列的每本杂志都有声音、食物或者动物的主题，这些都是较为常见的，小朋友们更容易理解，还有精美鲜艳的图片、丰富的故事，有趣的诗歌还有简单的活动，能够帮助小朋友们培养对英语的兴趣，在玩乐中学会英语。
Highlights High Five

这个系列建议3-8岁的小朋友们阅读，父母可以通过引导的方式，让小朋友们有更多的表达，比如在阅读时多提一些问题，让孩子们在读故事的时候有更多的思考，发挥他们的想象力，这个阶段的杂志包括Reading、Puzzles、Activities这三个部分，游戏的内容会在阅读内容中出现，这样可以帮助孩子们劳逸结合，也可以利用游戏，帮孩子们巩固知识。?
Reading:

包括三个方面：韵文诗歌、连载故事、短片故事

故事主题切合实际，孩子们能够通过图片更好的理解故事，阅读板块里也有小诗，帮助小朋友们培养语感，插图为真实照片，可以感受国外的风景。
Puzzle：

包括捉迷藏、找不同、奇怪奇怪

孩子在玩游戏的过程中，需要运用注意力和观察力，除此之外，还会提高孩子们在数学和认知方面的能力。
Activities：食谱、身体活动、手工、互动游戏

这个环节能够帮助孩子们提高动手协调能力，还能够增进亲子互动，还能够学单词、测句子、亲自PK，激发孩子们的兴趣，让他们更加享受英语学习。
Highlights children： 这个系列建议8-14岁的小朋友阅读，有大概40页左右，内容丰富多彩，有故事、游戏、科学实验、手工等活动，能够培养孩子的好奇心、创造力，还可以培养礼貌、善良、诚实等优秀品质。

 

新东方小书童APP上可以找到Highlight绘本，还可以关注新东方分级阅读公众号开始阅读哦！

急求关于highway network的英文文献

Asian Highway Network
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Map of the highways
Asian Highway 2 sign near Ratchaburi, ThailandThe Asian Highway (AH) project, also known as the Great Asian Highway, is a cooperative project among countries in Asia and Europe and the United Nati*** Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific (ESCAP), to improve the highway systems in Asia. It is one of the three pillars of Asian Land Transport Infrastructure Development (ALTID) project, endorsed by the ESCAP commission at its forty-eighth session in 1992, comprising Asian Highway, Trans-Asian Railway (TAR) and facilitation of land transport projects.
Agreements have been signed by 32 countries to allow the highway to cross the continent and also reach to Europe. Some of the countries taking part in the highway project are India, Sri Lanka, Pakistan, China, Japan, South Korea and Bangladesh.
The project aims to make maximum use of the continent’s existing highways to avoid the c***truction of newer ones, except in cases where missing routes necessitate their c***truction. Project Monitor, an Asian infrastructure news website, has commented that the:
"early beneficiaries of the Asian Highway project are the planners within the national land transport department of the participating countries
However, in the mid-2000s some transportation experts were sceptical about the viability of the project given the economic and political climate in both South and South-East Asia.
Contents
1 History
2 Implicati***
3 Regional percepti*** of the project
4 Highway 3 (North-South Corridor) issues
4.1 Highway 3 (North-South Corridor) missing link
4.2 Highway 3 (North-South Corridor) development issues
5 Routes
6 Numbering and Signage
7 Route log
8 Distance by country
9 References
10 See also
11 External links
History
The AH project was initiated by the United Nati*** in 1959 with the aim of promoting the development of international road transport in the region. During the first phase of the project (1960-1970) c***iderable progress was achieved, however, progress slowed down when financial assistance was suspended in 1975.
ESCAP has conducted several projects in cooperation with AH member countries step by step after the endorsement of ALTID in 1992.
The Intergovernmental Agreement on the Asian Highway Network (IGA) was adopted on November 18, 2003, by the Intergovernmental Meeting; the IGA includes Annex I, which identifies 55 AH routes among 32 member countries totalling approximately 87,500 miles (140,000 km), and Annex II "Classification and Design Standards". During the 60th session of the ESCAP Commission at Shanghai, China, in April 2004, the IGA treaty was signed by 23 countries. By 2007, 28 countries were signatories, which subsequently rose to 32 countries in 2008.
Implicati***
India is hopeful that the mega project will continue to bring it and Pakistan closer, as a furtherance of the earlier resumption of bus and train services between the two countries after decades of hostilities.
The advanced highway network would provide for greater trade and social interacti*** between Asian countries, including personal contacts, project capitalizati***, connecti*** of major container terminals with transportation points, and promotion of touri** via the new roadways.
However rights groups in Southeast Asia monitoring the North-South Corridor segment were concerned with the remote area’s rapid development resulting in significant increases to exposure of HIV/AIDS, human trafficking and the possibile exploitation of the surrounding forests and wildlife resources.
Regional percepti*** of the project
According to Om Prakash, an advisor with in New Delhi: "It’s an excellent step taken by ESCAP to gather all the Asian countries under one crown but the problem with this project is political disputes between some countries, notably Pakistan and Myanmar, which is delaying the project".
India views the project favourably since it would increase trade with its neighbours, especially Pakistan and Myanmar.
Sanjoy Hazarika of the Centre for North East Studies and Policy Research commented: ""The
Highway 3 (North-South Corridor) issues
By mid-2008 the North-South Corridor segment of the Asian Highway, AH-3, was nearly fully paved, with only the a few kilometers incomplete.
The North-South Corridor Project of has been part of the Asian Development Bank’s (ADB) agenda since 1993 and aimed to improved the connected economies of China, Myanmar, Laos, Vietnam, Thailand and Cambodia. The portion of the North-South Corridor known as Highway 3, which runs through northwestern Laos and connects China and Thailand, was expected to cost US$95.8 million and was being financed with a loan from the ADB, along with funds from the Chinese, Thai and Lao governments.
The completed secti*** of the road have gone from being little more than dirt roads a few years ago to two-lane routes with concrete shoulders, drainage and concrete bridges. The journey from the Lao border town of Huai Xai to the southwestern Chinese border village of Boten situated in southwestern Yunnan province took as long as two days on the old mostly dirt road depending on weather conditi***. The new roadway shortened that trip to five to six hours.
The route was expected to be completed in 2007, but damage to the road from floods during the 2006 rainy season pushed the completion date into 2008. While the road was now made passable all year, there are still secti***, some of several kilometers in length, which remained unfinished as of 2008.
Highway 3 (North-South Corridor) missing link
C***truction of the Thai-built portion of the road lagged behind that of the Chinese section, but some observers contend that was because the Thai section was "much better c***tructed". They indicated that the Chinese side was built faster because of engineering shortcuts which may make that section of the road less durable.
The most significant problem with the corridor was the lack of progress on a bridge to be built across the Mekong River connecting the Thai town of Chiang Khong, with its cross-border neighbour of Huay Xai in Laos. The Chinese and Thai governments earlier agreed to build the bridge and share the estimated $33USD million dollar cost of the project.
The Thai cabinet approved the project in February 2007 with an expected completion date in 2011, but many remain skeptical that the schedule will be met since successive Thai governments since the late 1980s have similarly promised to undertake the project.
Thai border disputes with Laos, the 1997-98 Asian financial crisis, political indifference in Bangkok and a general reluctance on the part of Thais have kept the project on the political ’back burner’. China meanwhile is anxious to develop its land-locked Yunnan province through the creation of trade links with Southeast Asia, including access to Thailand’s sea ports. While Thailand may benefit broadly from a new road link with China, others feared a flood of inexpensive Chinese products will impoverish northern Thais.
Some of those fears came to pass with the early implementation of some provisi*** with the Chinese-Thai **** trade agreement, which resulted in a flood of inexpensive Chinese agriculture products. As of 2008, the last incomplete link to Laos represented a significant barrier to efficient trade between the two countries and some commented that was the reason for Thai procrastination on the bridge’s completion. Bangkok might also have been using the bridge as a bargaining chip for trade negotiati*** with Beijing, since the Chinese appeared to increasingly value the route’s completion.
Until the bridge’s completion, the portion of the AH-3 North-South Corridor remains both incomplete and inefficient. As of 2008, Chinese goods destined for Thailand had to be ferried across the Mekong River between Chiang Khong and Huay Xai and many shippers have expressed their concerns that the ferry costs and Lao customs duties were too expensive, and traders also complained about the lengthy time required for Lao customs procedures and inspecti***.
Although Laos was pressured to eliminate transit taxes, the cash-short government remained hesitant, in part because China and Thailand were seen to benefit disproportionately from the completed roadway. Currently almost all China-Thailand trade is conducted by shipping up and down the Mekong River, with goods taking from 10 to 15 days to reach their destination.
As of 2008 the water route were suffering from frequent problems of inadequate levels to keep large cargo barges afloat, a situation which is likely to occur more frequently when more of China’s planned dams on the river’s upper reaches become functional in the future. The economic benefits of the roadway to Laos, meanwhile, are still undetermined.
Highway 3 (North-South Corridor) development issues
While the AH-3 highway was expected to increase business and trade through increased market access to both China and Thailand, including the country’s agribusiness and touri** sectors, the Lao government appeared more open to increasing state revenues through the collection of transit fees and taxes on goods that arrived at its borders. It was also under pressure from the Association of Southeast Asian Nati*** to embed new costs into the already low intra-regional trade.
According to people involved in the touri** industry in northwestern Laos, while Western tourists were arriving in increasing numbers, tourists from neighbouring Thailand and China often only pass through Laos on their way to Boten on the Chinese border, where there’s a large casino and market.
In addition to reaping less economic benefits, Laos will also likely have to deal with disproportionate social and environmental costs, people monitoring the project say. Without proper control mechani**s in place, the region’s opening would disproportionately benefit government-connected business groups while displacing large numbers of the non-ethnic Lao groups currently living in the area.
A 2002 ADB report estimated that approximately 2,500 people (500 households) might have to be relocated due to the road project; some monitoring groups put the real number much higher. Although resettlement plans were drafted by the ADB to compensate for the loss of houses, land, rice granaries and shops, it was not clear that the funds were truly reaching the people most affected.
Among the issues involved was the resettlement of the original Lao inhabitants of Boten village near the Chinese border, who were moved a kilometer or more down the road to allow the c***truction of a new Chinese-owned casino, hotel and other commercial developments. The resettled Botens complained that their new site lacked services, and that the land set aside for them was **aller and less fertile than their original land.
The legal vacuum also allowed an increasing flow of Chinese migrants, many of whom first arrived to work on the road and who then stayed on to establish businesses along the road, including whole new villages, which further aggravated those previously resettled to less fertile land.
Rights groups were also concerned with the remote area’s rapid development resulting in increases to exposure of HIV/AIDS, human trafficking and the possibile exploitation of the surrounding forests and wildlife resources.
While the ADB’s original hopes that the route would reduce transportation costs for the movement of vehicles, goods and people, and also promote faster economic growth, as the 7,300 Km North-South Corridor neared completion in 2008 the real costs and benefits of the project for the local populati*** of Southeast Asia were still in doubt.
Routes
Route AH1 is proposed to extend from Tokyo to the border with Bulgaria west of Istanbul and Edirne, passing through both Koreas, China and other countries in Southeast, Central and South Asia. The corridor is expected to improve trade links between East Asian countries, India and Russia. To complete the route, existing roads will be upgraded and new roads c***tructed to link the network. US$ 25 billion has been spent or committed as of 2007, with additional US$ 18 billion needed for upgrades and improvements to 26,000 km of highway.
AH83, 107.5 miles (172 km); Kazakh, Azerbaijan (on AH5) to Yerevan, Armenia (on AH81/AH82)
AH84, 742.5 miles (1,188 km); Dogubayazit, Turkey (on AH1) to İçel, Turkey
AH85, 211 miles (338 km); Refahiye, Turkey (on AH1) to Merzifon, Turkey (on AH5)
AH86, 154 miles (247 km); Askale, Turkey (on AH1) to Trabzon, Turkey (on AH5)
AH87, 378.75 miles (606 km); Ankara, Turkey (on AH1) to İzmir, Turkey
Distance by country
The planned network runs a total of 87799 miles (140,479 km).
Afghanistan, (4,247 km)
Armenia, (958 km)
Azerbaijan, 901.25 miles (1,442 km)
Bangladesh, 1127.5 miles (1,804 km)
Bhutan .625 miles (1 km)
Cambodia, 837 miles (1,339 km)
China, 15,978 miles (25,579 km)
Democratic People’s Republic of Korea (North Korea), 825 miles (1,320 km)
Georgia, 721.25 miles (1,154 km)
India, 7145 miles (11,432 km)
Indonesia, 2493 miles (3,989 km)
Islamic Republic of Iran, 6970 miles (11,152 km)
Japan, 750 miles (1,200 km)
Kazakhstan, (13,189 km)
Kyrgyzstan, 1059 miles (1,695 km)
Lao PDR, 1436 miles (2,297 km)
Malaysia, 997 miles (1,595 km)
Mongolia, 2678.75 miles (4,286 km)
Myanmar, 1877 miles (3,003 km)
Nepal, 826.6 miles (1,321 km)
Pakistan, 3360.6 miles (5,377 km)
Philippines, 2198.1 miles (3,517 km)
Republic of Korea, 566.9 miles (907 km)
Russian Federation, 10543.1 miles (16,869 km)
Singapore, 11.9 miles (19 km)
Sri Lanka, 406.25 miles (650 km)
Tajikistan, 1203.1 miles (1,925 km References
^ a b c d e f g h i j k l Kamat, Rahul The Great Asian Highway, Project Monitor website, 31 January 2005. Retrieved 2009-05-05
^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w McCartan, Brian Roadblocks on the Great Asian Highway, Asia Times website, 23 January 2008. Retrieved 2009-05-05;
^ "Priority Investment Needs for the Development for the Asian Highway Network", accessed July 14, 2007
^ a b c d e Newswire, Touri** Commission of the International Geographical Union website. Retrieved 2009-05-05;